Achilles Tendonitis

Definition:

Achilles tendonitis causes inflammation and degeneration of the Achilles tendon, the large tendon in the back of the leg that inserts into the heel. The pain caused by Achilles tendonitis can develop gradually without a history of trauma. It can be shooting, burning, or even extremely piercing. Achilles tendonitis should not be left untreated because the tendon can become weak and rupture.

Achilles Tendonitis is aggravated by activities that repeatedly stress the tendon, causing inflammation. In some cases, even prolonged periods of standing can cause symptoms. It is a common problem often experienced by athletes, particularly distance runners. Achilles Tendonitis is a complex injury to treat in athletes due to their high activity level and reluctance to stop or slow down their training.

Individuals who suffer from Achilles tendonitis often complain that their first steps out of bed in the morning are excruciating. Another common complaint is the pain after steps are taken after long periods of sitting. This pain often lessens with activity.

Cause:
Several factors can cause Achilles tendonitis. The most common cause is overpronation. Overpronation occurs in the walking process when the arch collapses upon weight bearing, adding stress to the Achilles tendon. Other factors that lead to Achilles tendonitis are improper shoe selection, inadequate stretching before engaging in athletics, a short Achilles tendon, direct trauma (injury) to the tendon, and heel bone deformity.

Treatment and Prevention:
Athletes, particularly runners, should incorporate a thorough stretching program to warm the muscles properly. They should also decrease the distance of their walk or run, apply ice after the activity, and avoid any uphill climbs. For extra support, athletes should use an orthotic device, heel cup, or heel cradle.

A heel cup or heel cradle elevates the heel to reduce stress and pressure on the Achilles tendon. The device should be made with lightweight, shock-absorbing materials. An orthotic device can control overpronation, support the longitudinal arch, and reduce stress on the Achilles tendon.

If the problem persists, consult your foot doctor.